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Crowley also discussed the Ouija board with another of his students, and the most ardent of them, Frater Achad ( Charles Stansfeld Jones ): it is frequently mentioned in their unpublished letters.The ouija ( w i d WEE -j, - d i jee ), also known as a spirit board or talking board, is a flat board marked with the letters of the alphabet, the numbers 09, the words yes, no, occasionally hello and goodbye, along with various symbols and graphics.It uses a planchette (small heart-shaped piece of wood or plastic) as a movable indicator to spell out messages during a sance.Participants place their fingers on the planchette, and it is moved about the board to spell out words.
Ouija is a trademark of Hasbro, 1 but is often used generically to refer to any talking board. The action of the board can be most easily explained by unconscious movements of those controlling the pointer, a psychophysiological phenomenon known as the ideomotor effect. ![]() Several entire scriptures of the Daozang are supposedly works of automatic planchette writing. According to one author, similar methods of mediumistic spirit writing have been practiced in ancient India, Greece, Rome, and medieval Europe. ![]() The ouija itself was created and named in Baltimore, Maryland, in 1890, but the use of talking boards was so common by 1886 that news reported the phenomenon taking over the spiritualists camps in Ohio. Bond filed on May 28, 1890 for patent protection and thus is credited with the invention of the Ouija board. He received U.S. Patent 446,054. Bond was an attorney and was an inventor of other objects in addition to this device. In 1901, Fuld started production of his own boards under the name Ouija. Charles Kennard (founder of Kennard Novelty Company which manufactured Fulds talking boards and where Fuld had worked as a varnisher) claimed he learned the name Ouija from using the board and that it was an ancient Egyptian word meaning good luck. When Fuld took over production of the boards, he popularized the more widely accepted etymology: that the name came from a combination of the French and German words for yes. The strange talk about the boards from Fulds competitors flooded the market, and all these boards enjoyed a heyday from the 1920s. Nonetheless, in both cases, the illusion that the object (table or planchette) is moving under its own control is often extremely powerful and sufficient to convince many people that spirits are truly at work. The unconscious muscle movements responsible for the moving tables and Ouija board phenomena seen at seances are examples of a class of phenomena due to what psychologists call a dissociative state. A dissociative state is one in which consciousness is somehow divided or cut off from some aspects of the individuals normal cognitive, motor, or sensory functions. Cautionary tales that the board opens a door to evil spirits turn the game into the subject of a supernatural dare, especially for young people. Please help to clean it up to meet Wikipedias quality standards. Where appropriate, incorporate items into the main body of the article. October 2020 ). As a result of Ouija boards becoming popular in the early 20th century, by the 1920s many psychic books were written of varying quality often initiated by ouija board use. The first contained a poem for each of the letters A through Z, and was called The Book of Ephraim. It appeared in the collection Divine Comedies, which won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1977. ![]() She credits some of her greatest spiritual communications to use of this implement.
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